USAAS McCook Field P-Numbers 1919-1930
In the mid-1950s AAHS member Warren Bodie with the assistance of Ms. Jennie Reeves (custodian of the Wright Field still photo files), Peter M. Bowers, William T. Larkins and John Sloan compiled an index of the aircraft tail numbers (P-number) for McCook Field (and later Wright Field). The period covered was 1918 through 1930. P-numbers were assigned to aircraft used in engineering and research evaluations during this period. Even at this date no one is sure what the “P” represented – plane, project or procurement. Aviation historians and photograph collectors have long noted these identifier numbers painted on the rudders of various aircraft. The original list was published in Vol. 1, No. 4, of the AAHS Journal (October-December 1956). This information has been updated using a number of published references including significant data provided by Drew Taylor derived directly from the airplane records by month for both engineering divisions at McCook and Wright Fields, and further supplemented by Robert Casari.
The following is an updated listing of the McCook Field P-numbers. It includes additional aircraft that were not in the original listing, as well as information regarding the engines installed (in many cases including their Air Service number). A notes column has been added that contains additional information about the aircraft.
| P-No. | A.S. No. | Make | Model | Engine | H.P. | Eng. A.S. No. | Notes | |
![]() | P-301 | 22-1122 | Aeromarine | DH-4B-3 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 31334 | In assembly 1/1/24. Surveyed “7/24/23” (7/24/24?), #10999. |
![]() | P-302 | 22-1125 | Aeromarine | DH-4B-3 | Liberty 12 | 400 | XY-5184 | Active 1/1/24 & 5/1/25. Transferred to FAID, OH 1/27/27, ST #28020. |
![]() | P-303 | 64215 | Witteman-Lewis | XNBL-1 | 6 x Liberty 12 | 400 | “Barling Bomber”. Active at FAID 1/1/24, 7/30/24 (22649), & 5/1/25. Salvaged 1928. Engine s/n’s 28497-YG, 29733-YG, 30433-YG, 22163-YG, 31334-YG, & 5011-YG. | |
![]() | P-304 | 64239 | Gallaudet | DB-1 | Eng. Div. W-1 | 750 | 22-24 | Active 7/26/23 (18575), 1/1/24, & at FAID 5/1/25. Surveyed 12/7/26, #24351. |
![]() | P-305 | 23-1204 | Engineering Division | XCO-5 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 22163-Y | Active 1/1/24, 8/5/24 (22752), & 5/1/25. Had Liberty 12 s/n 4654 on 5/1/25. High alt. photo project during all 1929. Surveyed 1/30. |
![]() | P-306 | 68533 | Sperry | Messenger | Lawrance L-4 | 64 | 95046 | Active on 1/1/24 with trapeze attachment for use with dirigibles. Shipped to Scott, IL 2/27/25, ST #13503. |
![]() | P-307 | 22-1118 | DH-4B | Liberty 12 | 400 | 43940 | Active 1/1/24. At “Factory”, assigned to Cross Country on 5/1/25. Surveyed 12/7/26, #24347. | |
![]() | P-308 | 68535 | Dayton-Wright | XPS-1 | Lawrance J-1 | 200 | 22-101 | An alert pursuit. Did not meet required performance. Active 7/24/23 (18564). In storage 1/1/24. W/o engine 5/1/25. Transferred to FAID 9/27/26, Shipped to Chanute, 5/27/27, ST #25-365. |
![]() | P-309 | 23-1216 | Boeing | XPW-9 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 10109 | Static tested. Surveyed 11/8/23, #10956. |
![]() | P-310 | 64236 | Boeing | GA-2 | Eng. Div. W-1A | 750 | 95060 | Active on 8/20/23 (18745) & 1/1/24. Later had a W-1A s/n 22-88. Transferred to FAID, OH 4/14/25, ST #13729. |
![]() | P-311 | 68536 | Dayton-Wright | XPS-1 | Lawrance J-1 | 200 | 22-102 | In storage 1/1/24. Transferred to Museum 9/10/23, ST #3945. Transferred to Scott, 3/23/25, ST #13612. |
![]() | P-312 | 23-553 | DH-4BP-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 4769-XY | Active on 1/1/24 & 5/1/25. On 5/2/25, it had a Liberty 12 s/n 31823-Y & was a photographic plane. Surveyed 2/8/26, #17062. | |
![]() | P-313 | None | Thomas-Morse | S-9 | Lawrance J-1 | 200 | 22-100 | Active on 1/1/24. Company owned, not accepted. Transferred to Brooks, TX 1/12/24. At factory on 5/1/25. |
![]() | P-314 | 23-538 | Curtiss | JNS-1 | Wright I | 150 | 48339 | Army rebuilt. Active on 9/15/23 (18949) & 5/1/25. Transferred to FAID, OH 1/20/26, ST #21246. |
![]() | P-315 | 23-552 | DH-4BP-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 4769XY | Transferred to FAID, OH 12/3/23, ST #5514. | |
![]() | P-316 | 68519 | Curtiss | NBS-1 | 2 x Liberty 12 | 400 400 | 29733-Y 30433-Y | Supercharged engines. Active on 1/1/24. Transferred to Langley, VA 11/13/25, ST #11563. |
![]() | P-317 | None | Huff-Daland | TW-5 | Wright E | 180 | 49645 | At Penscola, FL. Wrecked in Alabama while company owned. |
![]() | P-318 | 23-1210 | Douglas | DWC | Liberty 12 | 400 | 28447 | “Boston II” World Cruiser, c/n 144. On 5/1/25 had Liberty 12 s/n 32598-YG. At Langley, 1/1/24. Awaiting overhaul at McCook, OH, 5/1/25. Transferred to FAID, OH 9/2/26, ST #25318. |
![]() | P-319 | A-5906 | G. Elias | EM-2 | Liberty 12 | 400 | U.S. Navy s/n. Active 1/1/24. Returned to U.S. Navy. | |
![]() | P-320 | 22-315 | Eberhart | SE-5E | Wright E | 180 | 48953 | Re-built by Eberhart. Active 1/1/24. At factory 5/1/25. Transferred to FAID, OH 1/28/26, ST #21294 |
![]() | P-321 | 22-316 | Eberhart | SE-5E | Wright E | 180 | 47061 | Active on 1/1/24 & 5/1/25. Also had Wright E s/n 49018. Surveyed 7/8/26, #17096. |
![]() | P-322 | 68526 | Curtiss | NBS-1 | 2 x Liberty 12 | 400 400 | 30748 32923 | Supercharged engines. Active on 1/1/24 & 5/1/25. Transferred to Mitchel, NY, 7/3/25, ST #18177. |
![]() | P-323 | A-6426 | Douglas | DT-2 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 31112 | U.S. Navy s/n. Transferred from USN for parachute tests. Active 4/24/24 (21321). At W. Wright, OH, 5/1/25. Returned to US Navy. |
![]() | P-324 | 23-1211 | Huff-Daland | TW-5 | Wright E | 180 | 49088 | Later had a Wright E s/n 47490. Active on 1/24/24 (20393) & 5/1/25. Transferred to Chanute, IL 9/3/25, ST #18493. |
![]() | P-325 | 23-1209 | Fokker | CO-4A | Liberty 12 | 400 | 4409 | Active 1/11/24 (20246), 8/14/24 (2284), & 5/1/25. Fog cockpit tests. Written off 1927. |
![]() | P-326 | 68580 | Fokker | PW-7 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 3121 | Active 1/16/24 (20320). Surveyed 10/22/24, #10906. |
![]() | P-327 | 68581 | Fokker | PW-7 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-142 | Static tested. Active 2/11/24 (20543). Surveyed 2/21/25, #10956. |
![]() | P-328 | 23-1220 | L.W.F. | XT-3 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 4760 | Active 5/1/25. Later had Liberty 12 s/n 3711-G. Surveyed 1/18/27, #24357. |
![]() | P-329 | 23-669 | Gallaudet | DH-4B | Liberty 12 | 400 | 30004YG | Performance test #507. Surveyed 2/21/25, #10952. |
![]() | P-330 | 22-399 | Vought | VE-9 | Wright E | 180 | 46861 | Later had a Wright E s/n 49759. Active on 5/1/25. Transferred to Montgomery AID, AL 9/21/26, ST #25407 |
![]() | P-331 | 22-400 | Vought | VE-9 | Wright E | 180 | 47556 | Also had a Wright E s/n 49088. Active on 5/1/25. Written off 1927. |
![]() | P-332 | 23-109 | Boeing | XCO-7 | Liberty 12 | 400 | A DH-4M1 with a thick wing. Wrecked 5/13/24, Lt. E. H. Barksdale & R. Anderson killed (21542) (21569). Surveyed 5/23/24, #4967. | |
![]() | P-333 | 23-1202 | Curtiss | XPW-8 | Curtiss D-12 | 460 | 23-177 | Active 2/4/24 (20479), 9/18/24 (23366), & 5/1/25. Transferred to Selfridge, MI 1/8/26, W/O 1/30/1923. |
![]() | P-334 | 23-420 | DH-4B-3 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 33245Y | Active 4/8/24 (21164) & 5/2/24 (21395). Wrecked 6/18/24 near Dayton OH by Lt. Macready (22031). Surveyed 9/29/24, #4992. | |
![]() | P-335 | 68567 | G. Elias | XNBS-3 | 2 x Liberty 12 | 400 400 | 22004YG 77485 | Active on 7/29/24 (22631) & 5/1/25. Transferred to Chanute, IL 5/17/26, ST #21800. |
![]() | P-336 | 24-111 | DH-4B-4 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 37891-Y | Active 5/1/25. Also had Liberty 12 s/n 20167. Transferred to Phillips Field, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 3/9/26, #21492. | |
![]() | P-337 | 68592 | Boeing | XDH-4M-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 44736 | Active 3/13/24 (20910). Transferred to Boston Airport, MA 2/27/25. |
![]() | P-338 | 23-1309 | Dayton-Wright | TW-3 | Wright E | 180 | 47717 | Surveyed 11/10/24 (also listed as 10/2/24). (Johnson Gerhardt crash on Troy Pike 1924 race Stunt Whistle Job) |
![]() | P-339 | 64226 | Aeromarine | MAT | Lawrance L-4 | 64 | 95051 | Aerial torpedo. Transferred to Langley, VA 1/9/25, ST #11797. |
![]() | P-340 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-341 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-342 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-343 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-344 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-345 | 68576 | Fokker | TW-4 | Curtiss OX-5 | 90 | Fokker model S-I. Performance test #414. Salvaged 11/5/23, I&I report #4549. | |
![]() | P-346 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-347 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-348 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-349 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-350 | ? | ||||||
![]() | P-351 | A-6577 | Douglas | DT-2 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 2504 | U.S. Navy s/n. Active 6/24/24 (22125) & 5/1/25. Parachute tests. Awaiting transfer to university 1/1/29-5/1/29. In storage at FAID 5/29-5/30 awaiting transfer to university. Transferred 5/30. |
![]() | P-352 | 68571 | Curtiss | XNBS-4 | 2 x Liberty 12 | 400 400 | 31331 24873 | Active on 6/6/24 (21833) & 5/1/25. Used into 1927/28. |
![]() | P-353 | 68281 | Boeing | MB-3A | Wright H | 300 | 68719 | Wrecked McCook, OH, 10/17/24. Surveyed 12/19/24, #10943. |
![]() | P-354 | 23-1235 | Curtiss | R-8 | Curtiss D-12A | 500 | Following 1923 Pulitzer race, U.S. Navy R2C-1 was transferred to Army and rebuilt. Crashed 9/2/24 by Lt. Pearson. Crashed 9/3/24 (23167). Surveyed 9/8/24, #4997. | |
![]() | P-355 | 23-1217 | Boeing | XPW-9 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-193 | Active on 5/1/25. Engine removed, awaiting survey 1/1/29. Surveyed 3/29. |
![]() | P-356 | 23-1218 | Boeing | XPW-9 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-117 | Active on 6/19/24 (22038), 5/1/25, & into 1927/28. |
![]() | P-357 | 24-201 | Curtiss | PW-8 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-211 | Active on 7/22/24 (22536) & 5/1/25. Surveyed 8/7/25, #17024. |
![]() | P-358 | 24-202 | Curtiss | PW-8 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-139 | Active on 5/1/25. Turbo-supercharger test. Used into 1927/28. |
![]() | P-359 | 24-247 | DH-4B-4 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 33363 | Active on 8/12/24 (22838) & 5/1/25. Also had Liberty s/n 5169Y. Used into 1927/28. | |
![]() | P-360 | 23-1236 | Engineering Div. | XCO-6 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 5142 | Air-cooled inverted Liberty. Active 7/14/24 (22390). Converted to XCO-6B with 435hp Liberty 12A in 1924, then to XCO-6C in 1927. Plane with VG-1410 perf. tests 1/29-12/29. Torque meter 1/30-12/31. Surveyed 4/32. |
![]() | XCO-6C | Allison VG-1410 | 400 | 26-29 | ||||
![]() | P-361 | 24-204 | Curtiss | PW-8 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-192 | Used in “Dawn to Dusk” flight. Active on 5/1/25. Transferred to Selfridge, MI, 5/20/25, ST #13901. |
![]() | P-362 | 22-328 | Verville Sperry | R-3 | Wright H-3 | 400 | Active 10/1/24 (23472). Transferred to Museum 11/25/24, ST #8841. Engine removed 2/13/25. | |
![]() | P-363 | 32319 | Boeing | DH-4M-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 31451-YG | Active on 5/1/25. Also had Liberty 12 s/n 33245. Transferred to FAID, OH 1/3/27, ST #27390. |
![]() | P-364 | 23-1203 | Curtiss | XPW-8A | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-130 | Was former XPW-8 converted to a racer. Performance tested. Tunnel radiator installed. Was later fitted with tapered wings & re-designated XPW-8B. Active 9/12/24 (23276). Not listed on 5/1/25. Surveyed 5/5/25, ST #10976. |
![]() | P-365 | 68566 | Atlantic | AO-1 | Liberty 12A | 420 | 5003 | Converted from CO-4 in 1924. Performance test #506. In storage at McCook 5/1/25. Equipment being removed 3/15/26. |
![]() | P-366 | 31412 | Boeing | DH-4M-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 24160 | Transferred to FAID, OH, 11/10/24, ST #11523. |
![]() | P-367 | A-6745 | Longren | L-3 | L-4 | 60 | SE 8967 | U.S. Navy s/n. Active on 9/15/24 (23320) & 5/1/25. Equipment being removed 3/15/26. Surveyed about 1926. |
![]() | P-368 | 31216 | Boeing | XCO-7B | Liberty 12 A | 420 | 26281 | Transferred to Museum 3/16/25, ST #16114. Equipment being removed 3/25. Wings removed 11/30/26 for shipment to Forest Products Lab., approved by McMahon. Surveyed 1927. |
![]() | P-369 | 23-163 | Atlantic | XCO-8 | Liberty 12A | 400 | 33305-YG | DH-4M2 with COA-1 wings. Performance test #522. Active on 5/1/25 and to 6/1/30. Awaiting survey 7/1/30. Surveyed 8/30. |
![]() | P-370 | 68539 | Thomas-Morse | MB-6 | Wright H-3 | 400 | Static tested. Used in crash tests at W. Wright, OH, 11/24. | |
![]() | P-371 | 24-301 | Boeing | DH-4M-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 31385 | Active on 5/1/25. Also had Liberty 12 32936. Used into 1927/28. |
![]() | P-372 | 24-93 | Curtiss | JNS-1 | Wright E | 180 | 48517 | Later had Wright I. Equipped with Sperry autopilot. Active on 5/1/25. Used into 1927/28. |
![]() | P-373 | 22-1 | Sperry | M-1 (M.A.T) Messenge | Lawrance L-4 | 60 | 94596 | Radio controlled Aerial Torpedo. Active on 5/1/25. Equipment being removed 3/15/26. Surveyed 12/7/26, #24350. |
![]() | P-374 | 23-1251 | Douglas | XO-2 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 21905 | Also had Liberty 12 s/n 24131YG. 500hp Packard 1A-1500 engine s/n 23-237 installed in 1924. Active on 5/1/25 with Packard. Used into 1927/28. |
![]() | P-375 | 23-1252 | Curtiss | XO-1 | Liberty 12 | 420 | 24131YG | 510hp Packard 1A-1500 engine installed in 1924. Surveyed 4/23/25, #10979. |
![]() | P-376 | 23-1254 | Wright | XO-3 | Wright T-3 | 645 | 23-221 | In January 1925 competition; not accepted. Returned to Wright Co. 4/30/25. |
![]() | P-377 | None | Cox-Klemin | CO-1 | Napier Lion | 450 | Listed as CO-1 (possibly for CO-1 competition?). Active 7/9/24 (22317). Not accepted, returned to Cox-Klemin. | |
![]() | P-378 | 68582 | Fokker | PW-7 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-124 | Active on 5/1/25. Used into 1927/28. |
![]() | P-379 | None | Cox Klemin | CO-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | Listed as CO-1. Heinkel plane. Partially tested. Returned to Cox-Klemin.. | |
![]() | P-380 | None | Thomas-Morse | TM-24 | Curtiss D-12 | 440 | 23-143 | Tested Feb. 1925. Not acquired. In storage 5/1/25. Abandoned McCook, OH, in storage late 1925. |
![]() | P-381 | 25-235 | Huff-Daland | AT-1 | Wright E-2 | 190 | Transferred to Kelly, TX, 4/6/25, ST #13692. | |
![]() | P-382 | 24-253 | Curtiss | DH-4B-4 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 32280-Y | Converted from DH-4B 63416 by Curtiss. Active in “Airways” (possibly “Aerial Airways” routing) on 5/1/25. Transferred to FAID 1/27/27, ST #28020. |
![]() | P-383 | 23-1247 | Cox Klemin | XA-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 38267 | Ambulance plane. Active 5/1/25. Transferred to France Field, Panama Zone 6/4/25, ST #13941. |
![]() | P-384 | 24-8 | Loening | XCOA-1 | Liberty 12 (Inv.) | 400 | 21930 | A redesigned COA-1. Active on 5/1/25 and to 1927-28 |
![]() | P-385 | 23-1249 | XDH-4BS | Liberty V-1650-1 | 400 | 33009 | Active on 5/1/25. Surveyed 8/14/25, #17013. | |
![]() | P-386 | 25-245 | Consolidated | PT-1 | Wright E | 180 | 47717 | Active on 5/1/25. Shipped to Brooks, TX, 51/3/25, ST #13892. |
![]() | P-387 | 25-246 | Consolidated | PT-1 | Wright I | 150 | 46869 | Active on 5/1/25. Transferred to Brooks, TX, 5/3/25, ST #13892. |
![]() | P-388 | 23-691 | XDH-4B-5 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 33404 | “Honeymoon Express” version. Active 5/1/25. Surveyed 12/1/25, ST #17048. | |
![]() | P-389 | 23-697 | DH-4B | Liberty 12 | 400 | 24131-YG | In Cross Country assignment on 5/1/25. Surveyed 8/18/26, #24318. | |
![]() | P-390 | 32894 | Boeing | DH-4M-1 | Liberty 12A | 420 | 33307-YG | In Cross Country assignment on 5/1/25 and to 1927/28. |
![]() | P-391 | 32752 | Boeing | DH-4M-1 | Liberty 12A | 420 | 32537-YG | Performing radio assignments on 5/1/25. Transferred to Maxwell, AL, 3/22/27, ST #28305. |
![]() | P-392 | 32476 | Boeing | DH-4M-1 | Liberty 12A | 420 | 32325-YG | Active on 5/1/25. Loaned to Dept. of Commerce. Used into 1927/28 |
![]() | P-393 | 31386 | Boeing | DH-4M-1 | Liberty 12 | 400 | 31891-YG | Active on 5/1/25. Transferred to FAID, OH 3/24/27, ST #28322. |
![]() | P-394 | 25-425 | Douglas | C-1 | Liberty 12A | 420 | Static test #18744. Transferred to FAID, OH, 10/27/25, ST #18744. | |
![]() | P-395 | 23-1250 | Huff-Daland | XLB-1 | Packard | 800 | Delivered to McCook 7/30/25. Surveyed 2/8/28 with 75 hours total flight time. | |
![]() | 1A-2540 | |||||||
![]() | P-396 | 25-264 | Consolidated | PT-1 | Wright E | 180 | Transferred to FAID, OH, 8/5/26, ST #25181. | |
![]() | P-397 | 26-21 | DH-4BS | Liberty 12 | 400 | Supercharged. Surveyed 1/18/27, #24355. | ||
![]() | P-398 | 26-30 | Dayton-Wright | DH-4BK | Liberty 12 | 400 | Transferred to FAID, OH, 1/27/27, ST #28020. | |
![]() | P-399 | 68523 | Curtiss | NBS-1 | 2 x Liberty 12 | 400 400 | Static test #28199. Transferred to Langley, VA, 3/16/27, ST #28199. Surveyed at Mongomery AD 10/31/28 for FWT with 517 hours flight time. | |
![]() | P-400 | 24-410 | Curtiss | XP-1 | Curtiss D-12C | 435 | Tested landing I & I nav lights 5/11/26. | |
![]() | Allison V-1410 | Test bed for inverted Allison V-1410 engine 8/25/26. | ||||||
![]() | XP-17 | Wright V-1460 Wright V-1460-3 | 480 550 | 29-291 28-504 | Redesignated XP-17, Awaiting Wright V-1460 engine 1/29-4/29. At Wright Aero installing V-1460 5/29. |
[Download complete listing (PDF)]
References
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“McCook Field P-Numbers,” AAHS Journal, Vol. 1, No. 4, 1956, pp. 147-157.
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Aerofiles.com, Aircraft A-Z.
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“1908-1921 USAAS Serial Numbers” and “1922-1929 USAAS Serial Numbers,” JoeBaugher.com.
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“McCook Field – Airplane Records, February 1, 1922,” Skyways, No. 3, July 1987, pp. 14-23.
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“McCook Field P-Numbers, Part II,” Skyways, No. 5, January 1988, pp. 45-51.
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Unpublished data from Drew Taylor derived from the McCook Field aircraft record cards.
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Unpublished data from Robert Casari derived from the McCook Field aircraft record cards.
American Aviation Historical Society